How to pass tool outputs to chat models

Prerequisites

This guide assumes familiarity with the following concepts:

• LangChain Tools
• Function/tool calling
• Using chat models to call tools
• Defining custom tools

Some models are capable of tool calling - generating arguments that conform to a specific user-provided schema. This guide will demonstrate how to use those tool cals to actually call a function and properly pass the results back to the model.

First, let's define our tools and our model:

OpenAI

pip install -qU langchain-openai

import getpass
import os

os.environ["OPENAI_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass()

from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI

llm = ChatOpenAI(model="gpt-4o-mini")

Anthropic

pip install -qU langchain-anthropic

import getpass
import os

os.environ["ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass()

from langchain_anthropic import ChatAnthropic

llm = ChatAnthropic(model="claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620")

Azure

pip install -qU langchain-openai

import getpass
import os

os.environ["AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass()

from langchain_openai import AzureChatOpenAI

llm = AzureChatOpenAI(
    azure_endpoint=os.environ["AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT"],
    azure_deployment=os.environ["AZURE_OPENAI_DEPLOYMENT_NAME"],
    openai_api_version=os.environ["AZURE_OPENAI_API_VERSION"],
)

Google

pip install -qU langchain-google-vertexai

# Ensure your VertexAI credentials are configured

from langchain_google_vertexai import ChatVertexAI

llm = ChatVertexAI(model="gemini-1.5-flash")

AWS

pip install -qU langchain-aws

# Ensure your AWS credentials are configured

from langchain_aws import ChatBedrock

llm = ChatBedrock(model="anthropic.claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620-v1:0",
    beta_use_converse_api=True)

Cohere

pip install -qU langchain-cohere

import getpass
import os

os.environ["COHERE_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass()

from langchain_cohere import ChatCohere

llm = ChatCohere(model="command-r-plus")

NVIDIA

pip install -qU langchain-nvidia-ai-endpoints

import getpass
import os

os.environ["NVIDIA_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass()

from langchain_nvidia_ai_endpoints import ChatNVIDIA

llm = ChatNVIDIA(model="meta/llama3-70b-instruct")

FireworksAI

pip install -qU langchain-fireworks

import getpass
import os

os.environ["FIREWORKS_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass()

from langchain_fireworks import ChatFireworks

llm = ChatFireworks(model="accounts/fireworks/models/firefunction-v1", temperature=0)

Groq

pip install -qU langchain-groq

import getpass
import os

os.environ["GROQ_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass()

from langchain_groq import ChatGroq

llm = ChatGroq(model="llama3-8b-8192")

MistralAI

pip install -qU langchain-mistralai

import getpass
import os

os.environ["MISTRAL_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass()

from langchain_mistralai import ChatMistralAI

llm = ChatMistralAI(model="mistral-large-latest")

TogetherAI

pip install -qU langchain-openai

import getpass
import os

os.environ["TOGETHER_API_KEY"] = getpass.getpass()

from langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI

llm = ChatOpenAI(
    base_url="https://api.together.xyz/v1",
    api_key=os.environ["TOGETHER_API_KEY"],
    model="mistralai/Mixtral-8x7B-Instruct-v0.1",
)

from langchain_core.tools import tool


@tool
def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:
    """Adds a and b."""
    return a + b


@tool
def multiply(a: int, b: int) -> int:
    """Multiplies a and b."""
    return a * b


tools = [add, multiply]

llm_with_tools = llm.bind_tools(tools)

API Reference:tool

Now, let's get the model to call a tool. We'll add it to a list of messages that we'll treat as conversation history:

from langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage

query = "What is 3 * 12? Also, what is 11 + 49?"

messages = [HumanMessage(query)]

ai_msg = llm_with_tools.invoke(messages)

print(ai_msg.tool_calls)

messages.append(ai_msg)

API Reference:HumanMessage

[{'name': 'multiply', 'args': {'a': 3, 'b': 12}, 'id': 'call_GPGPE943GORirhIAYnWv00rK', 'type': 'tool_call'}, {'name': 'add', 'args': {'a': 11, 'b': 49}, 'id': 'call_dm8o64ZrY3WFZHAvCh1bEJ6i', 'type': 'tool_call'}]

Next let's invoke the tool functions using the args the model populated!

Conveniently, if we invoke a LangChain Tool with a ToolCall, we'll automatically get back a ToolMessage that can be fed back to the model:

Compatibility

This functionality was added in langchain-core == 0.2.19. Please make sure your package is up to date.

If you are on earlier versions of langchain-core, you will need to extract the args field from the tool and construct a ToolMessage manually.

for tool_call in ai_msg.tool_calls:
    selected_tool = {"add": add, "multiply": multiply}[tool_call["name"].lower()]
    tool_msg = selected_tool.invoke(tool_call)
    messages.append(tool_msg)

messages

[HumanMessage(content='What is 3 * 12? Also, what is 11 + 49?'),
 AIMessage(content='', additional_kwargs={'tool_calls': [{'id': 'call_loT2pliJwJe3p7nkgXYF48A1', 'function': {'arguments': '{"a": 3, "b": 12}', 'name': 'multiply'}, 'type': 'function'}, {'id': 'call_bG9tYZCXOeYDZf3W46TceoV4', 'function': {'arguments': '{"a": 11, "b": 49}', 'name': 'add'}, 'type': 'function'}]}, response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 50, 'prompt_tokens': 87, 'total_tokens': 137}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_661538dc1f', 'finish_reason': 'tool_calls', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-e3db3c46-bf9e-478e-abc1-dc9a264f4afe-0', tool_calls=[{'name': 'multiply', 'args': {'a': 3, 'b': 12}, 'id': 'call_loT2pliJwJe3p7nkgXYF48A1', 'type': 'tool_call'}, {'name': 'add', 'args': {'a': 11, 'b': 49}, 'id': 'call_bG9tYZCXOeYDZf3W46TceoV4', 'type': 'tool_call'}], usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 87, 'output_tokens': 50, 'total_tokens': 137}),
 ToolMessage(content='36', name='multiply', tool_call_id='call_loT2pliJwJe3p7nkgXYF48A1'),
 ToolMessage(content='60', name='add', tool_call_id='call_bG9tYZCXOeYDZf3W46TceoV4')]

And finally, we'll invoke the model with the tool results. The model will use this information to generate a final answer to our original query:

llm_with_tools.invoke(messages)

AIMessage(content='The result of \\(3 \\times 12\\) is 36, and the result of \\(11 + 49\\) is 60.', response_metadata={'token_usage': {'completion_tokens': 31, 'prompt_tokens': 153, 'total_tokens': 184}, 'model_name': 'gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18', 'system_fingerprint': 'fp_661538dc1f', 'finish_reason': 'stop', 'logprobs': None}, id='run-87d1ef0a-1223-4bb3-9310-7b591789323d-0', usage_metadata={'input_tokens': 153, 'output_tokens': 31, 'total_tokens': 184})

Note that each ToolMessage must include a tool_call_id that matches an id in the original tool calls that the model generates. This helps the model match tool responses with tool calls.

Tool calling agents, like those in LangGraph, use this basic flow to answer queries and solve tasks.

Related

• LangGraph quickstart
• Few shot prompting with tools
• Stream tool calls
• Pass runtime values to tools
• Getting structured outputs from models